TY - JOUR
T1 - Sex differences in research funding, productivity and impact
T2 - An analysis of Québec university professors
AU - Larivière, Vincent
AU - Vignola-Gagné, Etienne
AU - Villeneuve, Christian
AU - Gélinas, Pascal
AU - Gingras, Yves
N1 - Funding Information:
In terms of research funding, Stack (2004) showed that a smaller proportion of women receive financial support (mainly through research grants): 37.7% compared with 43.3% for men. Similarly, Feldt (1986) found that male adjunct professors from the University of Michigan received more money for their laboratories and had access to better installations than their female colleagues. Similar results were obtained in an analysis of the status of women faculty at MIT (MIT 1999). Based on National Science Foundation (NSF) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) data, Fox (1991, p. 202, quoting Zuckerman 1987) concluded that both sexes receive a number of grants proportional to the number of proposals submitted, which was thus posited as the source of the observed disparity.
PY - 2011/6
Y1 - 2011/6
N2 - Using the entire population of professors at universities in the province of Quebec (Canada), this article analyzes the relationship between sex and research funding, publication rates, and scientific impact. Since age is an important factor in research and the population pyramids of men and women are different, the role of age is also analyzed. The article shows that, after they have passed the age of about 38, women receive, on average, less funding for research than men, are generally less productive in terms of publications, and are at a slight disadvantage in terms of the scientific impact (measured by citations) of their publications. Various explanations for these differences are suggested, such as the more restricted collaboration networks of women, motherhood and the accompanying division of labour, women's rank within the hierarchy of the scientific community and access to resources as well as their choice of research topics and level of specialization.
AB - Using the entire population of professors at universities in the province of Quebec (Canada), this article analyzes the relationship between sex and research funding, publication rates, and scientific impact. Since age is an important factor in research and the population pyramids of men and women are different, the role of age is also analyzed. The article shows that, after they have passed the age of about 38, women receive, on average, less funding for research than men, are generally less productive in terms of publications, and are at a slight disadvantage in terms of the scientific impact (measured by citations) of their publications. Various explanations for these differences are suggested, such as the more restricted collaboration networks of women, motherhood and the accompanying division of labour, women's rank within the hierarchy of the scientific community and access to resources as well as their choice of research topics and level of specialization.
KW - Age
KW - Canada
KW - Collaboration
KW - Québec
KW - Research funding
KW - Research impact
KW - Research productivity
KW - Sex
KW - Universities
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79955473947&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11192-011-0369-y
DO - 10.1007/s11192-011-0369-y
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:79955473947
SN - 0138-9130
VL - 87
SP - 483
EP - 498
JO - Scientometrics
JF - Scientometrics
IS - 3
ER -