Design and preliminary recruitment results of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP)

E. L. Turner; C. Metcalfe; J. L. Donovan; S. Noble; J. A.C. Sterne; J. A. Lane; K. N. Avery; L. Down; E. Walsh; M. Davis; Y. Ben-Shlomo; S. E. Oliver; S. Evans; P. Brindle; N. J. Williams; L. J. Hughes; E. M. Hill; C. Davies; S. Y. Ng; D. E. Neal; F. C. Hamdy; R. M. Martin

doi:10.1038/bjc.2014.242

Design and preliminary recruitment results of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP)

E. L. Turner, C. Metcalfe, J. L. Donovan, S. Noble, J. A.C. Sterne, J. A. Lane, K. N. Avery, L. Down, E. Walsh, M. Davis, Y. Ben-Shlomo, S. E. Oliver, S. Evans, P. Brindle, N. J. Williams, L. J. Hughes, E. M. Hill, C. Davies, S. Y. Ng, D. E. NealF. C. Hamdy, R. M. Martin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background:Screening for prostate cancer continues to generate controversy because of concerns about over-diagnosis and unnecessary treatment. We describe the rationale, design and recruitment of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP) trial, a UK-wide cluster randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.Methods:Seven hundred and eighty-five general practitioner (GP) practices in England and Wales were randomised to a population-based PSA testing or standard care and then approached for consent to participate. In the intervention arm, men aged 50-69 years were invited to undergo PSA testing, and those diagnosed with localised prostate cancer were invited into a treatment trial. Control arm practices undertook standard UK management. All men were flagged with the Health and Social Care Information Centre for deaths and cancer registrations. The primary outcome is prostate cancer mortality at a median 10-year-follow-up.Results:Among randomised practices, 271 (68%) in the intervention arm (198 114 men) and 302 (78%) in the control arm (221 929 men) consented to participate, meeting pre-specified power requirements. There was little evidence of differences between trial arms in measured baseline characteristics of the consenting GP practices (or men within those practices).Conclusions:The CAP trial successfully met its recruitment targets and will make an important contribution to international understanding of PSA-based prostate cancer screening.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2829-2836
Number of pages	8
Journal	British Journal of Cancer
Volume	110
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2014.242
State	Published - Jun 10 2014
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Cluster randomised controlled trial
Cost-effectiveness
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer mortality
Prostate-specific antigen
Screening

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10.1038/bjc.2014.242

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Turner, E. L., Metcalfe, C., Donovan, J. L., Noble, S., Sterne, J. A. C., Lane, J. A., Avery, K. N., Down, L., Walsh, E., Davis, M., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Oliver, S. E., Evans, S., Brindle, P., Williams, N. J., Hughes, L. J., Hill, E. M., Davies, C., Ng, S. Y., ... Martin, R. M. (2014). Design and preliminary recruitment results of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP). British Journal of Cancer, 110(12), 2829-2836. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2014.242

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title = "Design and preliminary recruitment results of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP)",

abstract = "Background:Screening for prostate cancer continues to generate controversy because of concerns about over-diagnosis and unnecessary treatment. We describe the rationale, design and recruitment of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP) trial, a UK-wide cluster randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.Methods:Seven hundred and eighty-five general practitioner (GP) practices in England and Wales were randomised to a population-based PSA testing or standard care and then approached for consent to participate. In the intervention arm, men aged 50-69 years were invited to undergo PSA testing, and those diagnosed with localised prostate cancer were invited into a treatment trial. Control arm practices undertook standard UK management. All men were flagged with the Health and Social Care Information Centre for deaths and cancer registrations. The primary outcome is prostate cancer mortality at a median 10-year-follow-up.Results:Among randomised practices, 271 (68%) in the intervention arm (198 114 men) and 302 (78%) in the control arm (221 929 men) consented to participate, meeting pre-specified power requirements. There was little evidence of differences between trial arms in measured baseline characteristics of the consenting GP practices (or men within those practices).Conclusions:The CAP trial successfully met its recruitment targets and will make an important contribution to international understanding of PSA-based prostate cancer screening.",

keywords = "Cluster randomised controlled trial, Cost-effectiveness, Prostate cancer, Prostate cancer mortality, Prostate-specific antigen, Screening",

author = "Turner, {E. L.} and C. Metcalfe and Donovan, {J. L.} and S. Noble and Sterne, {J. A.C.} and Lane, {J. A.} and Avery, {K. N.} and L. Down and E. Walsh and M. Davis and Y. Ben-Shlomo and Oliver, {S. E.} and S. Evans and P. Brindle and Williams, {N. J.} and Hughes, {L. J.} and Hill, {E. M.} and C. Davies and Ng, {S. Y.} and Neal, {D. E.} and Hamdy, {F. C.} and Martin, {R. M.}",

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day = "10",

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Turner, EL, Metcalfe, C, Donovan, JL, Noble, S, Sterne, JAC, Lane, JA, Avery, KN, Down, L, Walsh, E, Davis, M, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Oliver, SE, Evans, S, Brindle, P, Williams, NJ, Hughes, LJ, Hill, EM, Davies, C, Ng, SY, Neal, DE, Hamdy, FC & Martin, RM 2014, 'Design and preliminary recruitment results of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP)', British Journal of Cancer, vol. 110, no. 12, pp. 2829-2836. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2014.242

TY - JOUR

T1 - Design and preliminary recruitment results of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP)

AU - Turner, E. L.

AU - Metcalfe, C.

AU - Donovan, J. L.

AU - Noble, S.

AU - Sterne, J. A.C.

AU - Lane, J. A.

AU - Avery, K. N.

AU - Down, L.

AU - Walsh, E.

AU - Davis, M.

AU - Ben-Shlomo, Y.

AU - Oliver, S. E.

AU - Evans, S.

AU - Brindle, P.

AU - Williams, N. J.

AU - Hughes, L. J.

AU - Hill, E. M.

AU - Davies, C.

AU - Ng, S. Y.

AU - Neal, D. E.

AU - Hamdy, F. C.

AU - Martin, R. M.

PY - 2014/6/10

Y1 - 2014/6/10

N2 - Background:Screening for prostate cancer continues to generate controversy because of concerns about over-diagnosis and unnecessary treatment. We describe the rationale, design and recruitment of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP) trial, a UK-wide cluster randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.Methods:Seven hundred and eighty-five general practitioner (GP) practices in England and Wales were randomised to a population-based PSA testing or standard care and then approached for consent to participate. In the intervention arm, men aged 50-69 years were invited to undergo PSA testing, and those diagnosed with localised prostate cancer were invited into a treatment trial. Control arm practices undertook standard UK management. All men were flagged with the Health and Social Care Information Centre for deaths and cancer registrations. The primary outcome is prostate cancer mortality at a median 10-year-follow-up.Results:Among randomised practices, 271 (68%) in the intervention arm (198 114 men) and 302 (78%) in the control arm (221 929 men) consented to participate, meeting pre-specified power requirements. There was little evidence of differences between trial arms in measured baseline characteristics of the consenting GP practices (or men within those practices).Conclusions:The CAP trial successfully met its recruitment targets and will make an important contribution to international understanding of PSA-based prostate cancer screening.

AB - Background:Screening for prostate cancer continues to generate controversy because of concerns about over-diagnosis and unnecessary treatment. We describe the rationale, design and recruitment of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP) trial, a UK-wide cluster randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.Methods:Seven hundred and eighty-five general practitioner (GP) practices in England and Wales were randomised to a population-based PSA testing or standard care and then approached for consent to participate. In the intervention arm, men aged 50-69 years were invited to undergo PSA testing, and those diagnosed with localised prostate cancer were invited into a treatment trial. Control arm practices undertook standard UK management. All men were flagged with the Health and Social Care Information Centre for deaths and cancer registrations. The primary outcome is prostate cancer mortality at a median 10-year-follow-up.Results:Among randomised practices, 271 (68%) in the intervention arm (198 114 men) and 302 (78%) in the control arm (221 929 men) consented to participate, meeting pre-specified power requirements. There was little evidence of differences between trial arms in measured baseline characteristics of the consenting GP practices (or men within those practices).Conclusions:The CAP trial successfully met its recruitment targets and will make an important contribution to international understanding of PSA-based prostate cancer screening.

KW - Cluster randomised controlled trial

KW - Cost-effectiveness

KW - Prostate cancer

KW - Prostate cancer mortality

KW - Prostate-specific antigen

KW - Screening

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JO - British Journal of Cancer

JF - British Journal of Cancer

IS - 12

ER -

Design and preliminary recruitment results of the Cluster randomised triAl of PSA testing for Prostate cancer (CAP)

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